Gamma Knife Side Effects

Understanding Gamma Knife Side Effects

When you are considering Gamma Knife® radiosurgery, it is natural to have questions about possible side effects and what recovery may look like. Gamma Knife is a non-invasive, highly targeted form of radiation therapy used to treat certain brain conditions. While many patients tolerate the procedure well, side effects can occur, and experiences vary based on the condition being treated, treatment location, and individual health factors.

Gamma Knife is one of several treatment options that may be considered. Your care team will help evaluate whether Gamma Knife or another approach, such as open surgery, medication management, or observation, is most appropriate for your specific diagnosis.

What Are the Possible Side Effects of Gamma Knife Treatment?

Common Side Effects 

Many patients experience mild or moderate side effects that resolve over time. These may include:

• Headache – Often temporary and manageable with medication
• Fatigue – Tiredness lasting several days or weeks is common
• Nausea – Typically mild and short-lived
• Scalp tenderness or irritation – Usually near head frame pin sites
• Minor swelling or redness – Localized and temporary

Less Common but Possible Side Effects

Some patients may experience side effects that require closer monitoring, particularly weeks or months after treatment:

• Brain swelling (edema) – May cause headaches, nausea, or neurological symptoms, and is often managed with medication
• Neurological changes – Such as numbness, weakness, or sensory changes, depending on the area treated
• Seizures – Rare, but possible in certain cases

Serious complications are uncommon, but all potential risks are carefully reviewed with patients as part of the treatment planning process.

When Side Effects May Occur

Gamma Knife side effects can appear at different times:

• Short-term: Within hours to days after treatment
• Delayed: Weeks or months later, particularly related to swelling
• Long-term: Most patients do not experience lasting side effects, but follow-up care is important

Scheduled imaging and follow-up visits help your care team monitor treatment response and manage any delayed effects.

Recovery Expectations

Recovery experiences vary. Some patients resume normal activities within a few days, while others may need additional time depending on how they feel and the treatment area.

Your care team will provide personalized guidance on activity levels, medications, and follow-up care based on your individual situation.

Talk To Our Team About Gamma Knife Treatment

If you have questions about Gamma Knife side effects or want to understand how this treatment compares to other options, our team at South Sound Gamma Knife at St. Joseph Hospital is here to help you make an informed decision.